When knowledge is power: three models of change in international organizations

Frequently, informal networks are as important in linking research and policy, and effecting policy change, as formal structures. Informal networks may take the form of advocacy coalitions, or friendly relationships between researchers and decision-makers. Haas adds an important point to this list by introducing the concept of 'epistemic community'. An epistemic community consists of colleagues who share a similar approach, or a similar position on an issue. They maintain contact with each other across their various locations and fields, thus creating valuable channels for information flow. These informal fora can be used to discuss and pass on alternative perspectives on current issues, and if the network comprises prominent and respected individuals, pronouncements from these can force policy-makers to engage with an issue. The conclusion is that such an epistemic community provides a potent means of circumventing tedious public bureaucracies or the normal chain of command, and it is also a counter-balance to the conservatism of policy networks.

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